Apayao
| Municipality | Soil Series | Area (Ha) |
|---|
| Calanasan | Alaminos | 197.64 |
| Aroman | 1,024.01 | |
| San Manuel | 130.00 | |
| Mountain soil (undiffe | 93,463.56 | |
| Conner | Alimodian | 9,089.00 |
| Aroman | 1,438.65 | |
| Bantay | 652.72 | |
| Bauang | 25,502.26 | |
| Ilagan | 45.44 | |
| Isabela | 9.89 | |
| Quingua | 928.38 | |
| San Juan | 53.49 | |
| San Manuel | 170.08 | |
| Mountain soil (undiffe | 39,623.79 | |
| Flora | Alaminos | 20,891.44 |
| Bantay | 1,132.11 | |
| Quingua | 3,458.75 | |
| San Manuel | 855.94 | |
| Toran | 723.52 | |
| Mountain soil (undiffe | 5,014.32 | |
| River wash | 91.15 | |
| Kabugao | Alaminos | 6,189.90 |
| Aroman | 40,226.86 | |
| Bauang | 10,456.18 | |
| Mountain soil (undiffe | 36,650.40 | |
| Luna | Alaminos | 17,536.72 |
| Alimodian | 1,358.51 | |
| Quingua | 2,576.91 | |
| San Manuel | 536.44 | |
| Toran | 1,470.48 | |
| Mountain soil (undiffe | 36,785.08 | |
| River wash | 36.47 | |
| Pudtol | Alaminos | 11,935.30 |
| Aroman | 1,476.21 | |
| Quingua | 845.63 | |
| San Manuel | 3,795.49 | |
| Mountain soil (undiffe | 10,214.37 | |
| River wash | 98.73 | |
| Santa Marcela | Alaminos | 584.14 |
| Bantay | 70.62 | |
| Quingua | 2,305.03 | |
| San Manuel | 131.01 | |
| Toran | 1,598.98 | |
| Mountain soil (undiffe | 17.85 | |
| River wash | 15.04 |
Soil Series
Properties limiting crop production
Management Recommendation
| Alaminos | Acid soil; low fertility; low base saturation; excessive erosion | Liming in upland rice; application of fertilizers; terracing | Contour farming and/or strip cropping; addition of organic matter and animal manure; application of phosphate fertilizers; plant acid-tolerant crops | Moderately suitable for cassava and camote; practice contour cropping; addition of organic matter and fertilization; timing of planting |
| Alimodian | Heavy clay subsoil that can impede internal drainage and root development; susceptible to erosion; acidic; rolling to mountainous topography | Adequate fertilization; seedbed configuration; terracing; liming in upland rice | Organic matter incorporation; liming or plant acid-tolerant crops; minimum tillage; deep plowing; mulching; cultivate in gentler slope; strip cropping | Deep plowing; adequate fertilizer application; intensive soil conservation practices; cultivate in gentler slope |
| Aroman | Rolling to mountainous topography causes severe erosion | Suited for rainfed upland/lowland rice; terracing; application of fertilizers to supply and maintain soil fertility | Close-growing crops are safe to grow without creating erosion hazard; contour farming and/or strip cropping; cultivate in gentler slope | Close-growing crops are safe to grow without creating erosion hazard; contour farming and/or strip cropping; cultivate in gentler slope |
| Bantay | Acidic; shallow soil limits productivity of shallow-rooted crops; low K; moderate erosion; high water retention | Liming upland rice; adequate fertilization; OM addition; terracing | Liming; adequate fertilization; OM addition or green manuring; practice contour tillage and strip cropping | Moderately suited to sweet potato; adequate fertilization; OM addition or green manuring; practice contour tillage and strip cropping |
| Bauang | Hilly topography causing severe erosion that causes loss of surface soil and exposing the subsoil or substratum; low fertility; excessive run-off; slightly acidic; presence of stratified shale and sandstone near surface that slows down percolation of wate | Suitable for rainfed upland rice and rainfed lowland rice during dry season with supplemental irrigation; contour terracing for higher elevated areas; adequate fertilization | Application of farm manure and plowing under of legumes to supply organic matter; soil erosion control measures like contour tillage and strip cropping; crop rotation | Application of farm manure and plowing under of legumes to supply organic matter; contour tillage and strip cropping to minimize erosion; crop rotation |
| Ilagan | Compact substratum prevents rapid infiltration; Al toxicity; rolling to hilly topography causes risk of erosion; low P, K and available OM | Suitable for rainfed upland rice and rainfed lowland rice during dry season with supplemental irrigation; contour terracing; adequate fertilization | Green manuring; liming; phosphate fertilization; soil erosion control measures like contour tillage, and strip cropping | Green manuring; liming; phosphate fertilizer application; soil erosion control measures |
| Isabela | Poor drainage; slower N mineralization; Zn deficiency in rice; high P fixation; severe topsoil shrinking and swelling; hard to till; seasonal river flooding | Application of zinc sulfate in lowland rice when deficiency occurs; N and P fertilization; construction of drainage and flood control systems | N and P fertilization; construction of drainage and flood control systems; use of broadbeds and ridges; cultivate only at optimum moisture content; cover cropping | N and P fertilization; build drainage canals; cultivate only at optimum moisture content; construct broadbeds and ridges |
| Quingua | Seasonal flooding; low OM; excessive drainage | Suited for paddy rice; application of inorganic fertilizers to maintain the fertility of the soil; irrigation system; observe flood control measures due to seasonal flooding | Construction of adequate drainage, irrigation and flood control systems; proper timing of cultivation and planting | Suited for root crops; construction of adequate drainage irrigation and flood control systems; proper timing of cultivation and planting |
| San Juan | Presence of duripan that damages the roots and prevents deeper penetration, retard or stop the infiltration of water, high risk of erosion; poor drainage; low OM and available P | Erosion control system like contouring; adequate fertilization; OM addition | Contouring and cover cropping; construction of adequate drainage; use of broadbeds and ridges; adequate fertilization; OM addition | Erosion control system like contouring; construction of adequate drainage |
| San Manuel | Excessively wet and annual flooding for short periods and excessive drought during dry season; low OM | Suited for paddy rice during wet season and with adequate irrigation during dry season; OM addition thru animal or green manuring | Construction of adequate drainage, irrigation and flood control systems for seasonal flood hazard and high seasonal water table; use broad beds and ridges; suited for diversified crops such as corn, and vegetables during dry season with supplemental irri | Establishment of adequate drainage and irrigation system; regular addition of organic matter and animal manure to improve soil fertility |
| Toran | Poor drainage; surface hardening and cracking during dry season making tillage difficult; low in P and K; tidal/infrequent flooding | Suitable to rice production due to its clayey texture; apply fertilizer to maintain the fertility of the soil; construction of adequate drainage, irrigation system; observe flood control measures; PK fertilization | Use of broadbeds, ridges or furrows and mulching; timing of planting; adequate PK fertilizer; construction of drainage and flood control system | Not suitable for rootcrops due to flood constraint |